Classes are blueprints for creating objects. Objects are instances of a class.
Example:
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age
def greet(self):
return f"Hello, my name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years old."
person1 = Person("Alice", 30)
print(person1.greet()) # Output: Hello, my name is Alice and I am 30 years old.
Inheritance allows a class to inherit methods and attributes from another class.
Example:
class Employee(Person):
def __init__(self, name, age, position):
super().__init__(name, age)
self.position = position
def describe_job(self):
return f"I work as a {self.position}."
employee1 = Employee("Bob", 35, "Software Engineer")
print(employee1.greet()) # Output: Hello, my name is Bob and I am 35 years old.
print(employee1.describe_job()) # Output: I work as a Software Engineer.